• Botanical Name: Zanthoxylum armatum DC.
• Family: Rutaceae
• Flowering and fruiting: April-May, July-November
• Parts Used: Fruits
• Distribution: It grows throughout Nepal between 1100m-2500m. Himalaya (Kashmir to Bhutan), N. India, East to China, Taiwan, Philippines, Lesser Sunda Islands.
• Method of Extraction: Steam Distillation

Description:

A shrub or small tree often 3m high, with strong prickles on the branches. Leaves stalked, alternate, imparipinnate, rachis narrowly winged; leaflets 2-10cm x 1.5-2.5cm, lanceolate, more or less serrate. Flowers small, polyga mous, yellow, Fruits globose, red when matured, tubercled.

Specification of Zanthoxylum
1. Organoleptic Properties
Appearance	Mobile liquid
Color	Golden yellow
Aroma	Refreshing, pleasant, warm-spicy odor
2. Physico-chemical Properties
Specific gravity	0.8150 to 0.9051 at 25°C.
Optical rotation	[+] 5º to [+] 10.5º at 25º C
Refractive index	1.4674 to 1.4815 at 25°C.
Acid number	0.5 to 5
Ester number	35 to 65
Ester number after acetylation	110 to 150
Solubility	Soluble in 0.8 to 1.5 volumes of 90% alcohol.
3. Chemical constituent:
Lemonene, linalool and methyl cinnamate as major components and l-pinen, l-thujene, β-pinene, sabinene, myrcene, γ-terpinene, p-cymene, terpenin-4-ol, piperitone, carvone, cuminaldehyde, methyl cinnamate as other constituents.
4. Uses
In fragrance and flavoring. Aromatherapy: Anti-infectious, sedative, arthritis. Being rich in linalool, and also containing limonene, methyl cinnamate and cineole, it is used in the fragrance and flavor industry